鲁地的百姓被迫禁止种植稻米，所有的稻田一概被水浸泡荒废。官府年年逼迫百姓抓捕螃蟹（作为贡赋），老百姓简直无法生存下去。

1. 鲁城：指春秋鲁国故都曲阜，唐代属兖州鲁郡。 2. 民歌：民间口头传唱的诗歌，多反映社会现实和人民情感，语言通俗直接。 3. 唐代贡赋制度：地方需向朝廷进贡特产，如海鲜、丝帛等，额外劳役常加重百姓负担。 4. 水田种植：唐代山东地区曾推广水稻种植，但政策执行不当可能引发民生问题。 5. 佚名作品：唐代许多民歌作者不可考，但内容真实反映了历史背景。 </plaintext> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">古诗注解</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="2"> <ul> <li><strong>鲁地</strong>：指今山东曲阜一带，春秋时鲁国故地。</li> <li><strong>抑种稻</strong>：抑，压制、禁止。禁止种植水稻。</li> <li><strong>一概被水沫</strong>：一概，全部。被，遭受。水沫，此处指被水浸泡、淹没。意指稻田全部被水淹没荒废。</li> <li><strong>索蟹夫</strong>：索，索取、勒索。蟹夫，捕捉螃蟹的差役或百姓。意指官府年年逼迫百姓捕捉螃蟹以充贡赋。</li> <li><strong>不可活</strong>：无法活下去，形容生活极其困苦。</li> </ul> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">讲解</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="3"> 这首诗以鲁地百姓的遭遇为例，揭露了唐代苛政对民生的破坏。首句“抑种稻”点出官府强制禁令，次句“被水沫”形象表现农田荒废的后果；后两句直指年年征索蟹夫的劳役压榨，最终导致“百姓不可活”的绝望结局。全诗层层递进，从政策到现象再到影响，批判了统治者不顾百姓死活的暴政。作为民歌，它语言直白却力透纸背，是唐代社会矛盾的真实写照，具有深刻的历史认识价值。 </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">古诗赏析</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="4"> 这首民歌语言质朴，情感强烈，通过简洁的画面勾勒出人民的悲惨处境。前两句“鲁地抑种稻，一概被水沫”以直接叙述揭露官府荒谬政策导致的荒芜景象；后两句“年年索蟹夫，百姓不可活”则通过时间上的重复（“年年”）和结果上的绝望（“不可活”）强化了批判力度。全诗没有华丽辞藻，却以白描手法生动传达了民间的愤懑与痛苦，展现了唐代民间歌谣关注现实、针砭时弊的特点。 </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">创作背景</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="5"> 此诗出自唐代佚名作者的《鲁城民歌》，反映了唐代中期以后，鲁地（今山东曲阜一带）百姓因官府强制推行某种政策而遭受的深重苦难。当时官府可能为了征收螃蟹等贡品，禁止农民种植水稻，导致农田被荒废，百姓被迫从事捕捉螃蟹的劳役，不堪重负，生活陷入绝境。这首诗是民间对苛政的控诉，体现了民间歌谣“感于哀乐，缘事而发”的现实主义传统。 </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- 作者信息 --> <div class="author-info-block"> <div class="author-info-title">作者信息</div> <div class="author-info-flex"> <div class="author-avatar"> <img id="ContentPlaceHolder1_imgAuthorAvatar" class="author-avatar-img" LoadingMethod="Async" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="low" src="https://www.881023.com/upload/writer/0.jpg" alt="佚名" style="background-color: #f9f6ec;" /> </div> <div class="author-info-content"> 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