<![CDATA[ 1. 科举制度：中国古代选拔官员的考试制度，始于隋朝，至清末废除。 2. 座主门生制：科举中形成的特殊人际关系，影响唐代政治格局。 3. 双关修辞："沆瀣"既指自然现象，又暗含人名，一语双关。 4. 唐代讽刺诗：以含蓄或尖锐的方式批评社会现象的诗作。 5. 成语来源："沆瀣一气"即源于此诗，后演变为贬义词。 </plaintext>
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<h3 class="card-title">古诗注解</h3>
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<ul> <li><strong>座主</strong>：科举考试中的主考官。</li> <li><strong>门生</strong>：科举考试中被录取的考生，尊称主考官为座主。</li> <li><strong>沆瀣一家</strong>：比喻关系密切，如同一家人。"沆瀣"原指夜间的水气，此处谐音双关，暗指崔沆与其门生。</li> </ul>
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这首诗通过科举考试中座主与门生的关系，反映了唐代政治生态的一个重要侧面。前句"座主门生"直陈事实，后句"沆瀣一家"运用谐音双关，将主考官崔沆的姓名与自然现象巧妙结合，既描述了这种关系的亲密程度，又暗含对这种政治结盟现象的讽刺。全诗仅八字，却深刻揭示了科举制度下形成的特殊人际关系网络及其对政治的影响，具有很高的史料价值和文学价值。
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这首诗以简洁的语言揭示了唐代科举制度的潜规则。通过"座主门生"的直白表述和"沆瀣一家"的巧妙双关，既展现了科举社会中的人际关系网络，又暗含对这种裙带关系的批评。诗句短小精悍，寓意深刻，是唐代讽刺诗的代表作之一。
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此诗出自唐代，反映了当时科举考试中座主与门生之间形成的特殊关系。崔沆作为主考官，其录取的门生往往与之结成紧密的政治联盟，"沆瀣一家"既是对这种关系的描述，也暗含讽刺之意。
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