鄂渚除夜书怀

来鹄〔唐朝〕

鹦鹉洲头夜泊船,此时形影共凄然。

难归故国干戈后,欲告何人雨雪天。

箸拨冷灰书闷字,枕陪寒席带愁眠。

自嗟落魄无成事,明日春风又一年。

写雨写雪写风写人故国

古诗译文

在鹦鹉洲头停泊夜船，此时形单影只倍感凄凉。
战乱后难以回到故乡，雨雪天又能向谁倾诉衷肠？
用筷子拨弄冷灰写下烦闷字句，伴着寒枕凉席带着忧愁入眠。
自叹落魄一事无成，明日春风又将迎来新的一年。

知识点

1. 来鹄：晚唐诗人，屡试不第，诗多写羁旅愁苦 2. 鄂渚：古代武昌别称，今属武汉 3. 鹦鹉洲典故：与东汉名士祢衡相关 4. 干戈：古代兵器，常代指战争 5. 除夕诗：古代文人常于岁末作诗感怀 </plaintext> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">古诗注解</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="2"> <ul> <li><strong>鄂渚</strong>：今湖北武昌一带，诗中指诗人漂泊之地。</li> <li><strong>鹦鹉洲</strong>：武昌长江中的沙洲，因祢衡《鹦鹉赋》得名。</li> <li><strong>干戈</strong>：代指战乱，反映晚唐社会动荡。</li> <li><strong>箸拨冷灰</strong>：用筷子拨动炭灰写字，暗示贫寒孤寂。</li> <li><strong>落魄</strong>：失意潦倒，体现诗人功业无成的怅惘。</li> </ul> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">讲解</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="3"> <p>本诗讲解需注意三个层面：一是抓住"冷灰""寒席"等意象群的寒寂特征；二是理解"干戈后"的时代背景对个人命运的影响；三是体会尾联"又一年"中蕴含的循环式时间焦虑。教学时可对比杜甫《旅夜书怀》，分析不同时代文人相似的羁旅情怀。</p> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">古诗赏析</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="4"> <p>全诗以"凄然"为基调，通过"夜泊""雨雪""冷灰""寒席"等意象层层渲染孤寂氛围。颈联"箸拨冷灰书闷字"以细节描写展现诗人贫寒境遇，尾联"明日春风又一年"暗含时光虚度的无奈。诗人将个人命运与时代苦难结合，语言凝练沉郁，堪称晚唐羁旅诗代表作。</p> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="info-card"> <div class="card-header"> <h3 class="card-title">创作背景</h3> </div> <div class="card-content"> <div class="expand-content collapsed" data-card-index="5"> <p>此诗作于晚唐时期，社会动荡、战乱频发。来鹄科举不第，长期漂泊异乡，除夕夜独宿鄂渚（武昌）江边，触景生情写下这首羁旅愁怀之作，抒发了乱世中文人的落魄之感和思乡之情。</p> </div> <div class="card-actions" style="display: none;"> <button type="button" class="expand-btn" onclick="toggleCardContent(this)">展开</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="author-info-block"> <div class="author-info-title">作者信息</div> <div class="author-info-flex"> <div class="author-avatar"> <img id="ContentPlaceHolder1_imgAuthorAvatar" class="author-avatar-img" LoadingMethod="Async" loading="lazy" decoding="async" fetchpriority="low" src="https://www.881023.com/upload/writer/0.jpg" alt="来鹄" style="background-color: #f9f6ec;" /> </div> <div class="author-info-content"> 来鹄(?-883)，即来鹏（《全唐诗》作来鹄），唐朝诗人，豫章（今江西南昌市）人。相传来鹏家宅在南昌东湖徐孺子亭边，家贫，工诗，曾自称“乡校小臣”，隐居山泽。师韩柳为文，大中(847-860)咸通(860- 874》间，才名籍甚。举进士，屡试落第。乾符五年(878)前后，福建观察使韦岫召入幕府，爱其才，欲纳为婿，未成。广明元年(880)黄巢起义军攻克长安后，鹏避游荆襄。 <div class="author-stats"> <span>古诗数量：<b><a href='https://www.881023.com/gushi/0_1655_0_1.html' 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